- General Drug Summary
- Description
- An anti-inflammatory 9-fluoro-glucocorticoid. [PubChem]
- Also Known As
- Desametasone; Desametasone [DCIT]; Desamethasone; Dexametasona [INN-Spanish]; Dexamethasone Acetate; Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate; Dexamethasonum [INN-Latin]; Dexamethazone; Fluormethylprednisolone
- Categories
- Glucocorticoids
- Structure
- Summary In Neonatal Jaundice
-
1 record(s) for Dexamethasone Not Effective to Patients in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 20874740
- Dexamethasone
- Not Effective to Patients
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Summary
- Does not affect the severity of Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in ELBW preterm infants.
- Early corticosteroid treatment does not affect severity of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in extreme low birth weight preterm infants. Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 2011 Feb [Go to PubMed]
- To determine the relationship between early postnatal dexamethasone (DXM) treatment and the severity of hyperbilirubinemia in extreme low birth weight (ELBW) preterm infants.
In 54 ELBW preterm infants, total serum bilirubin concentrations (TSB) and phototherapy (PT) data during the first 10 days were evaluated retrospectively. ELBW infants had participated in a randomized controlled trial of early DXM treatment which aimed to assess effects on chronic lung disease. Infants had been treated with DXM (0.25 mg/kg twice daily at postnatal day 1 and 2) or with placebo (normal saline). Analysis was performed on an intention to treat basis.
Twenty-five Infants had been randomized into the DXM group; 29 into the placebo group. Mean (±SD) TSB [120 (±19) μmol/L vs. 123 (±28) μmol/L, DXM versus placebo, respectively] and maximum TSB [178 (±23) μmol/L vs. 176 (±48), DXM versus placebo, respectively] concentrations were similar. TSB concentrations peaked 30 h earlier in the DXM group (p ≤ 0.05). The need for PT as well as the duration of PT was similar in both groups.
Early DXM treatment does not affect the severity of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in ELBW preterm infants. Our results seem compatible with the concept that factors other than bilirubin conjugation capacity are important for the pathophysiology of neonatal jaundice in ELBW preterm infants.
-
1 record(s) for Dexamethasone Effective in Complication in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 6806770
- Dexamethasone
- Effective in Complication
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Suppression of humoral immune responses,let the GVH reaction improved somewhat.
- Probable graft-vs-graft reaction in an infant after exchange transfusion and marrow transplantation. Pediatrics, 1982 Jul [Go to PubMed]
- A newborn with graft-vs-host (GVH) disease following an exchange transfusion was treated by attempting to eradicate the incompatible graft and to reconstitute the child hematologically and immunologically with a bone marrow transplant. The patient was a female term infant (blood group B, Rh+ Coombs test positive) who received a one-unit group O, Rh- exchange transfusion from an unrelated female donor for hyperbilirubinemia due to ABO incompatibility on day 2. Signs of acute GVH disease began on day 8 and the clinical diagnosis was supported by skin biopsy. With antithymocyte globulin and high dose dexamethasone, the GVH reaction improved somewhat. Cyclophosphamide, 200 mg/kg total dose, was given over four days followed by a marrow graft from a brother who was HLA-A, B identical, and probably also D locus compatible in mixed lymphocyte culture. All signs of GVH resolved with cyclophosphamide treatment and hematologic reconstitution was evident by 14 days after transplant. Two weeks later the GVH reaction andaplastic anemia recurred and Y chromatin was detected in only 6% of marrow cells. The infant died on day 80. Autopsy showed disseminated candidiasis, disseminated cytomegalovirus infection, thymic dysplasia, hypoplastic marrow, and other histopathologic changes consistent with GVH disease. The persistence of female cells in blood and bone marrow and the destruction of the reconstituted marrow suggest that the original incompatible transfusion-derived graft was not eliminated and that it ultimately rejected the histocompatible marrow graft.
-
2 record(s) for Dexamethasone Effective in Inducing Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 733134
- Dexamethasone
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Decrease neonatal cortisol concentration after maternal dexamethasone therapy.
- Umbilical cord and neonatal cortisol levels. Effect of gestational and neonatal factors. Obstetrics and gynecology, 1978 Dec [Go to PubMed]
- To evaluate the effect of the type of delivery, gestational age, maternal dexamethasone treatment, and neonatal complications on the serum cortisol levels in early infancy, a total of 92 neonates were investigated with 611 cortisol determinations (specific radioimmunoassay after Lipidex chromatography). Umbilical cord blood samples were taken immediately after delivery and capillary blood samples from the infant's heel 30--60 minutes after delivery and at 8:00 AM and PM on the second, fourth, and sixth days of life. Umbilical cord cortisol concentration after elective cesarean section was lower than after emergency cesarean section or after normal vaginal delivery, while neonatal cortisol values did not show any correlation with the type of delivery. Prematurity did not affect neonatal cortisol levels. In postterm infants the activation of cortisol production was retarded to some degree. After maternal dexamethasone therapy, neonatal cortisol concentration decreased 30--60 minutes after delivery, but from th second day on it was at the same level as in infants without maternal therapy. Respiratory distress syndrome, especially in fatal cases, caused an elevation in neonatal cortisol levels, while hyperbilirubinemia did not have an effect on plasma cortisol concentrations of the neonates.
- 9736796
- Dexamethasone
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- the use of 16 mg dexamethasone 21-phosphate at the beginning of the induction or augmentation of labor with oxytocin, followed by an additional 4-mg dose 4 h later intravenously, is advantageous for the prevention of erythrocyte destruction.
- Prophylaxis of the occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia in relation to maternal oxytocin infusion with steroid treatment. Gynecologic and obstetric investigation, 1998 [Go to PubMed]
- This study was carried out to investigate the steroid prevention on the occurrence and the severity of red blood cell destruction by the effect of oxytocin usage for labor induction. Venous cord blood was collected from the pregnancies who had oxytocin-induced or augmented labors (20), oxytocin-infused deliveries with steroid use (20), deliveries without oxytocin use (20) and cesarean sections (20). Evaluation of the data showed significant increase in serum bilirubin level, serum lactic dehydrogenase activity, erythrocyte fragility and reticulocyte count (p < 0.0083), and a significant decrease in hemoglobulin concentration, packed red cell volume fraction (p < 0.01) in groups with labor induction or augmentation with oxytocin in comparison to deliveries with oxytocin plus steroid use and the two other methods of delivery. Moreover, with regard to the above data, no significant difference was observed between the deliveries other than oxytocin-only use. Mean corpuscular volume in the oxytocin group was apparently (not significant) higher than the steroid group. The results of this study suggest that the use of 16 mg dexamethasone 21-phosphate at the beginning of the induction or augmentation of labor with oxytocin, followed by an additional 4-mg dose 4 h later intravenously, is advantageous for the prevention of erythrocyte destruction.
-
1 record(s) for Dexamethasone Adverse Event in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 6783743
- Dexamethasone
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Dexamethasone (10 mg i.m.) administered to mothers 24 hours before delivery for the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome caused a considerable elevation of the serum level of unconjugated bilirubin in premature infants throughout the first week of life.
- Hyperbilirubinemia and urinary D-glucaric acid excretion in premature infants following antepartum dexamethasone treatment. Journal of perinatal medicine, 1981 [Go to PubMed]
- Dexamethasone (10 mg i.m.) administered to mothers 24 hours before delivery for the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome caused a considerable elevation of the serum level of unconjugated bilirubin in premature infants throughout the first week of life. On days 3 to 4 the incidence of infants with bilirubin levels exceeding 256.56 micrometer/l (15 mg/100 ml) was found to increase (7/15 vs 2/17). The urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid, which reflects the activity of the hepatic microsomal enzyme systems, proved to be low in pre-term infants over the first 7 days of life, and it was not enhanced significantly by antenatal dexamethasone therapy. In the light of the results presented, more detailed clinical and experimental analysis of the effects of glucocorticoids on bilirubin metabolism of pre-term infants and investigation into the drug prophylaxis of steroid-induced hyperbilirubinaemia are suggested.