- General Drug Summary
- Description
- Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components. [PubChem]
- Also Known As
- Aminodeoxykanamycin; KAN; Kanamycin Base; Kanamycin Sulfate; Nebramycin Factor 5
- Categories
- Aminoglycosides
- Structure
- Summary In Neonatal Jaundice
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1 record(s) for Kanamycin Effective in Inducing Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 657724
- Kanamycin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Review
- Summary
- For treatment of infections where one or more of the following are the known or suspected pathogens: E. coli, Proteus species (both indole-positive and indole-negative), E. aerogenes, K. pneumoniae, S. marcescens, and Acinetobacter species.
- Pharmacokinetic considerations in exchange transfusion in neonates. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 1978 Jul [Go to PubMed]
- Neonates undergoing blood exchange often receive concomitant therapy. Questions may be raised whether dosage regimen alterations are necessary to replace drug lost as a result of the exchange procedure. Our study reports the changes in plasma concentration of kanamycin during an exchange transfusion and a pharmacokinetic analysis of the effect of the exchange on drug elimination. The relationships of the volumes of distribution, elimination rate constant, and time after dosing on the fraction of the dose eliminated in the blood exchange are developed on the basis of a one-compartment body model. Computer simulations using the equations developed were used to estimate the fraction of a dose that might be removed as a result of an exchange transfusion. As the disposition rate constant or the apparent volume of distribution increase, i.e., the clearance of the drug increases, the fraction of the dose removed by the exchange process decreases. Thus, significant amounts of drug removal may occur in an exchange trnsfusion for drugs with low clearance when the exchange is initiated early in the drug dosing interval. In our study, only 3% of the kanamycin dose was removed as a result of the exchange process, and dosing adjustment would not be required. This was in part due to initiation of the exchange late in the dosing interval, although the maximum calculated percentage of the dose which could have been removed under the exchange conditions employed was only 10%.
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1 record(s) for Kanamycin Adverse Event in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 3190184
- Kanamycin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- antibiotics with a tendency to displace bilirubin should be avoided in jaundiced newborns whenever appropriate alternatives are available.
- In vitro displacement of bilirubin by antibiotics and 2-hydroxybenzoylglycine in newborns. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1988 Oct [Go to PubMed]
- Hyperbilirubinemia is frequently observed in neonates, and serious neurological complications such as kernicterus can be precipitated when the concentration of unconjugated bilirubin is abnormally increased. The administration of drugs which bind to albumin and compete with bilirubin can increase the possibility of such a complication. To test the bilirubin-displacing activity of pharmacological agents that are used with newborns, 52 antimicrobial agents were investigated in vitro. A glycine conjugate of salicylate, 2-hydroxybenzoylglycine, which is known to be present at elevated levels in newborns and has a potent bilirubin-displacing property, was used as a positive control agent. Pooled cord serum was used as a source of hyperbilirubinemic serum. A centrifugal ultrafiltration method with semipermeable cones was employed to determine the effects of potential bilirubin-displacing agents on the levels of total bilirubin. 2-Hydroxybenzoylglycine was demonstrated to be the most potent bilirubin-displacing aget. Antibiotics could be classified into four groups: high-level displacers (sulfisoxazole, sulfamethoxazole, dicloxacilli, cefoperazone, and ceftriaxone), intermediate-level displacers (moxalactam, nafcillin, and 14 others), low-level displacers (aztreonam, carbenicillin, and 11 others), and nondisplacers (mezlocillin, cefuroxime, kanamycin, and 15 others). It is concluded that the ultrafiltration method is a rapid and readily reproducible for the determination of bilirubin displacement and that antibiotics with a tendency to displace bilirubin should be avoided in jaundiced newborns whenever appropriate alternatives are available.