- General Drug Summary
- Description
- Synthetic 9 residue cyclic peptide. The hormone is prepared synthetically to avoid possible contamination with vasopressin (ADH) and other small polypeptides with biologic activity.
- Also Known As
- Pitocin; Syntocinon
- Structure
- Summary In Neonatal Jaundice
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1 record(s) for Oxytocin Effective in Complication in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 19941729
- Oxytocin
- Effective in Complication
- System Review
- Summary
-
- Active management of the third stage of labour: prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhage. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOG, 2009 Oct [Go to PubMed]
- To review the clinical aspects of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and provide guidelines to assist clinicians in the prevention and management of PPH. These guidelines are an update from the previous Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) clinical practice guideline on PPH, published in April 2000.
Medline, PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, ACP Journal Club, and BMJ Clinical Evidence were searched for relevant articles, with concentration on randomized controlled trials (RCTs), systematic reviews, and clinical practice guidelines published between 1995 and 2007. Each article was screened for relevance and the full text acquired if determined to be relevant. Each full-text article was critically appraised with use of the Jadad Scale and the levels of evidence definitions of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care.
The quality of evidence was rated with use of the criteria described by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care.
The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada.
Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage 1. Active management of the third stage of labour (AMTSL) reduces the risk of PPH and should be offered and recommended to all women. (I-A) 2. Oxytocin (10 IU), administered intramuscularly, is the preferred medication and route for the prevention of PPH in low-risk vaginal deliveries. Care providers should administer this medication after delivery of the anterior shoulder. (I-A) 3. Intravenous infusion of oxytocin (20 to 40 IU in 1000 mL, 150 mL per hour) is an acceptable alternative for AMTSL. (I-B) 4. An IV bolus of oxytocin, 5 to 10 IU (given over 1 to 2 minutes), can be used for PPH prevention after vaginal birth but is not recommended at this time with elective Caesarean section. (II-B) 5. Ergonovine can be used for prevention of PPH but may be considered second choice to oxytocin owing to the greater risk of maternal adverse effects and of the need for manual removal of a retained placenta. Ergonovine is contraindicated in patients with hypertension. (I-A) 6. Carbetcin, 100 microg given as an IV bolus over 1 minute, should be used instead of continuous oxytocin infusion in elective Caesarean section for the prevention of PPH and to decrease the need for therapeutic uterotonics. (I-B) 7. For women delivering vaginally with 1 risk factor for PPH, carbetocin 100 microg IM decreases the need for uterine massage to prevent PPH when compared with continuous infusion of oxytocin. (I-B) 8. Ergonovine, 0.2 mg IM, and misoprostol, 600 to 800 microg given by the oral, sublingual, or rectal route, may be offered as alternatives in vaginal deliveries when oxytocin is not available. (II-1B) 9. Whenever possible, delaying cord clamping by at least 60 seconds is preferred to clamping earlier in premature newborns (< 37 weeks' gestation) since there is less intraventricular hemorrhage and less need for transfusion in those with late clamping. (I-A) 10. For term newborns, the possible increased risk of neonatal jaundice requiring phototherapy must be weighed against the physiological benefit of greater hemoglobin and iron levels up to 6 months of age conferred by delayed cord clamping. (I-C) 11. There is no evidence that, in an uncomplicated delivery without bleeding, interventions to accelerate delivery of the placenta before the traditional 30 to 45 minutes will reduce the risk of PPH. (II-2C) 12. Placental cord drainage cannot be recommended as a routine practice since the evidence for a reduction in the duration of the third stage of labour is limited to women who did not receive oxytocin as part of the management of the third stage. There is no evidence that this intervention prevents PPH. (II-1C) 13. Intraumbilical cord injection of misoprostol (800 microg) or oxytocin (10 to 30 IU) can be considered as an alternatve intervention before manual removal of the placenta. (II-2C) TREATMENT OF PPH: 14. For blood loss estimation, clinicians should use clinical markers (signs and symptoms) rather than a visual estimation. (III-B) 15. Management of ongoing PPH requires a multidisciplinary approach that involves maintaining hemodynamic stability while simultaneously identifying and treating the cause of blood loss. (III-C) 16. All obstetric units should have a regularly checked PPH emergency equipment tray containing appropriate equipment. (II-2B) 17. Evidence for the benefit of recombinant activated factor VII has been gathered from very few cases of massive PPH. Therefore this agent cannot be recommended as part of routine practice. (II-3L) 18. Uterine tamponade can be an efficient and effective intervention to temporarily control active PPH due to uterine atony that has not responded to medical therapy. (III-L) 19. Surgical techniques such as ligation of the internal iliac artery, compression sutures, and hysterectomy shoul be used for the management of intractable PPH unresponsive to medical therapy. (III-B) Recommendations were quantified using the evaluation of evidence guidelines developed by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (Table 1).
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1 record(s) for Oxytocin Effective in Maintaining Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 1125700
- Oxytocin
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- oxytocin induce or accelerate Neonatal jaundice.
- Use of oxytocin and incidence of neonatal jaundice. British medical journal, 1975 Apr 19 [Go to PubMed]
- A retrospective controlled study using data from the Cardiff Births Survey examined a possible relation between oxytocin administration to induce or accelerate labour and the subsequent development of neonatal jaundice. Among 10 591 infants born in Cardiff between 1970 and 1972 the incidence of neonatal jaundice was higher in infants born after oxytocin administration than among others. Analysis by gestational age at delivery, birth weight, Apgar score, length of labour, sedative and analgesic therapy during labour, and suppression of lactation showed that this association held within all these categories except among small immature infants, who are at high risk of jaundice in any case.
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19 record(s) for Oxytocin Adverse Event in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 647211
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Review
- Summary
- Oxytocin infusion is associated with Neonatal jaundice.
- Factors influencing the incidence of neonatal jaundice. British medical journal, 1978 May 13 [Go to PubMed]
- A retrospective study of 12 461 single births confirmed an association between maternal oxytocin infusion and neonatal jaundice. The effect of oxytocin on jaundice was independent of gestational age at birth, sex, race, epidural anaesthesia, method of delivery, and birth weight, each of which was significantly associated with neonatal jaundice. The effect of oxytocin was, however, small, producing a calculated mean increase in peak plasma bilirubin concentration of 8.6 mumol/1 (0.5 mg/100 ml); this excess was independent of sex and less than the effect of the baby being born one week earlier.
- 6487563
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Oxytocin may correlated with the incidence of jaundice.
- Intrapartum infusion of aqueous glucose solution, transplacental hyponatraemia and risk of neonatal jaundice. British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 1984 Oct [Go to PubMed]
- Cord serum sodium levels in three groups of 278 singleton infants, born vaginally at term, were correlated with the incidence of jaundice (serum bilirubin greater than or equal to 85 mumol/1) in the first 3 days of life. Of the 278 infants, 87 were born to mothers who were given infusions of 5% or 10% glucose in water during labour (group I), 90 were born to mothers who received glucose solution as a vehicle for oxytocin (group II), and 101 to mothers who did not receive any intravenous fluid therapy (control group). Jaundice was seen significantly more frequently in groups I (28/87, 32%) and II infants (30/90, 33%) than in the control group (12/101, 12%) (P less than 0.01), but when analysed in relation to cord serum sodium levels, the prevalence of jaundice in the normonatraemic infants (serum sodium greater than or equal to 131 mmol/1) was similar in the three groups. On the other hand, in groups I and II jaundice occurred about 3.5 times more frequently in the hyponatraemic infants [group I (17/32, 53%) nd II (20/39, 51%)] than in the normonatraemic infants (P less than 0.01). The difference was not associated with any other perinatal or neonatal characteristic.
- 626518
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Review
- Summary
- serum bilirubin concentrations are influenced by these factors: administration to the mother of promethazine hydrochloride, reserpine, chloral hydrate, barbiturates, narcotic agents, diazepam, oxytocin, aspirin, and phenytoin sodium.
- Factors influencing jaundice in immigrant Greek infants. Archives of disease in childhood, 1978 Jan [Go to PubMed]
- A study of 887 consecutively born immigrant Greek and 220 Anglo-Saxon Australian infants has shown that serum bilirubin concentrations are influenced by these factors: breast feeding, delivery with forceps, gestation, birthweight, sex of the infant, presence of hypoxia, presence of blood group incompatibility, a positive direct Coombs's test, maternal sepis, and administration to the mother of promethazine hydrochloride, reserpine, chloral hydrate, barbiturates, narcotic agents, diazepam, oxytocin, aspirin, and phenytoin sodium. Apart from the administration of promethazine hydrochloride, reserpine, chloral hydrate, and quinalbarbitone sodium, only two factors, breast feeding and delivery by forceps, occured with different frequencies in the immigrant Greek and the Australian infants. Among the Greek infants with jaundice, there were few where the cause of the jaundice was inapparent. The immigrant Greek and Australian newborn populations were therefore remarkably similar. Since differences of frequency and everity of jaundice do exist in infants born in Greece, this difference must be lost when the parents emigrate, and therefore an environmental factor must be incriminated as the causative agent for jaundice of unknown origin in Greece.
- 645287
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- oxytocin infusion cause significant higher bilirubin values
- [Transitory hyperbilirubinemia and oxytocin infusion]. Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie, 1978 [Go to PubMed]
- Serum bilirubin levels at 5th day of life was compared between 100 mature newborns with oxytocin infusion to the mother during labour and 100 mature newborns without oxytocin. Newborns, whose mothers received more than 5 IU oxytocin had significant higher bilirubin values than the controll group without oxytocin and the cases with oxytocin administration under 5 U. Hyperbilirubinaemie was also present in babies after vacuum extraction and oxytocin infusion.
- 519401
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- In Vitro Study
- Summary
- the vasopressin-like action of oxytocin causes osmotic swelling of erythrocytes leading to decreased deformability and hence more rapid destruction with resultant hyperbilirubinaemia in the neonate.
- Pathogenesis of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia after induction of labour with oxytocin. British medical journal, 1979 Nov 17 [Go to PubMed]
- To determine the pathogenesis of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia after oxytocin-induced labour venous cord blood from 95 healthy newborn infants was examined. Of these, 15 were delivered by elective caesarean section, 40 after spontaneous labour, and 40 after oxytocin-induced labour. There was no significant difference in any haematological or biochemical variable between the first two groups. Infants born after oxytocin-induced labour, however, showed clear evidence of increased haemolysis associated with significantly decreased erythrocyte deformability (P less than 0.001). In-vitro studies showed a time- and dose-related reduction in erythrocyte deformability in response to oxytocin. The findings suggest that the vasopressin-like action of oxytocin causes osmotic swelling of erythrocytes leading to decreased deformability and hence more rapid destruction with resultant hyperbilirubinaemia in the neonate.
- 957015
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- oxytocin caused an elevation of infant serum bilirubin concentrations.
- The effect of maternally administered drugs on bilirubin concentrations in the newborn infant. The Journal of pediatrics, 1976 Oct [Go to PubMed]
- The effects of drugs administered to pregnant women on bilirubin concentrations in 1,107 consecutively born infants are presented. Administration of narcotic agents, barbiturates, aspirin, chloral hydrate, reserpine, and phenytoin sodium all resulted in lowering of infant serum bilirubin concentrations. Diazepam and, to a lesser extent, oxytocin caused an elevation of infant serum bilirubin concentrations. Although many drugs were shown to alter serum bilirubin levels significantly, the clinical importance of such alterations was not dramatic except possibly in special circumstances. The phenothiazine derivatives, general or local anesthesia, sulfadimidine, ampicillin, and penicillin had no such effect on the newborn infant when given to the mother before delivery.
- 475417
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- induce neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia.
- Pathogenesis of oxytocin-induced neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. Archives of disease in childhood, 1979 May [Go to PubMed]
- 100 term (gestation at least 37 weeks), vertex presenting, vaginally delivered, and fetomaternal blood-group-compatible neonates were studied to evaluate the pathogenesis of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia induced by oxytocin. 50 infants were born after oxytocin infusion for augmentation of labour and the other 50 were delivered spontaneously. The babies born after oxytocin induction of labour attained significantly higher serum bilirubin levels at age 72 +/- 12 hours than the controls. Infants born after oxytocin showed significant hyponatraemia, hypo-osmolality, and enhanced osmotic fragility of erythrocytes at birth. These biochemical and physiological alterations can be explained by the antidiuretic effects of oxytocin and concomitant administration of large quantities of electrolyte-free dextrose solutions used to administer it. Our observations suggest that cord serum sodium and/or osmolality should be estimated and infants with serum sodium less than 125 mmol/l and/or osmolality less than 260 mmol/kg shold be considered for prophylactic administration of phenobarbitone.
- 7789859
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Oxytocin is not responsible for increased frequency of Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
- [Evaluation of the effect of oxytocin use for labor induction on frequency of occurrence and severity of neonatal jaundice]. Ginekologia polska, 1994 Dec [Go to PubMed]
- Authors conducted analysis of effect of method used (which consisted of use of oxytocin, vit B, oestradiol) for labour induction on frequency of occurrence and severity of neonatal jaundice on 3rd day of neonatal life. Analysed material consisted of 1154 deliveries between the years 1990 to 1992 in IInd Department of Obstetrics AM Wrocław. Only completely physiological pregnancies qualified for analysis. The above mentioned sum of analysed deliveries was divided into 2 groups. Ist group consisted of 801 normal deliveries without any oxytocin use 2nd group consisted of 353 normal deliveries during which i.v. oxytocin drip was used either for induction of labour or to intensify uterine contraction during labour. Evaluation of the above data do not show significant increase in cases with hyperbilirubinemia in group with labour induction (7%) in comparison with deliveries without oxytocin use (5%). Moreover eliminating from the analysis cases of jaundice with normal bilirubin level (12 mg%), I degree jaundice,
the actual count of cases of hyperbilirubinemia in group without oxytocin use in 26 (3.24%) and in group with oxytocin use is 13 (3.67%) cases (Tab. IV) which is not a significant difference and does not permit us to conclude that oxytocin use for labour induction is responsible for increased frequency of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
- 14531340
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- The umbilical bilirubin was statistically increased in children whose mothers oxytocin received.
- [Maternal and umbilical bilirubin concentration at the time of delivery depending on course of pregnancy and labour]. Ginekologia polska, 2003 Aug [Go to PubMed]
- Newborns hyperbilirubinemia is an interesting, complicated and controversial clinical problem. An elevated concentration of it can be connected with increased risk of jaundice. Also, maternal bilirubin can play a part in the development of jaundice in mature newborns.
The research included a group of 173 healthy, full-term newborns in generally good condition, with body mass between 5 and 95 percentile. Infants were born in 2002 at 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical University in Warsaw. The maternal blood was collected during labour and the umbilical blood was collected immediately after delivery.
The mean value of maternal bilirubin was 0.62 mg/dl, and of total bilirubin in the umbilical blood was 1.61 mg/dl.
The differences between respective values in children delivered by caesarean section, whose mothers suffered from the infection during pregnancy or narcotic analgetic drugs that had been administered during labour were not statistically significant. Maternal bilirubin was higher in mothers with proteins < 6.0 g/dl. The umbilical bilirubin was statistically increased in children whose mothers oxytocin received.
- 1958424
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Severe hyperbilirubinaemia was associated with primiparous and non-Caucasian mothers, non-smoking and oxytocin usage.
- Breast feeding practices and severe hyperbilirubinaemia. Journal of paediatrics and child health, 1991 Aug [Go to PubMed]
- This study establishes the association between early onset severe hyperbilirubinaemia (serum bilirubin (SBR) level greater than or equal to 272 mumol/L) with no assigned cause and breast feeding. The rates of breast feeding at hospital discharge increased from 46.4 to 75.4% in non-insured (public) women and 58.6 to 89.2% in insured (private) women between 1975 and 1987, and were accompanied by an increase in severe hyperbilirubinaemia from 1.6 to 3.1% in public and 0.9 to 3.6% in private babies. The case control study involved 125 term breast feeding infants born between 1 July 1985 and 1 July 1986 with severe hyperbilirubinaemia (SBR level 272 mumol/L) with no assigned cause who were compared with 125 matched controls who had peak SBR levels less than or equal to 272 mumol/L. Severe hyperbilirubinaemia was associated with primiparous and non-Caucasian mothers, non-smoking and oxytocin usage. Univariate analysis of feeding practice variables revealed that less frequent breast feeds, greater weight loss and lss frequent stools over the first 3 days related to severe hyperbilirubinaemia (P less than 0.05). Multivariate analysis of the eight significant univariate factors revealed that maternal non-smoking, less frequent breast feeding, less frequent stooling and excessive infant weight loss were the best predictors of severe hyperbilirubinaemia. With the wide promotion of breast feeding, the contribution of individual feeding practices to severe hyperbilirubinaemia demands ongoing analysis and review.
- 6122848
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- The pharmacological side-effect of oxytocics is of no importance to those Neonatal jaundice whom had accepted induced and stimulated labour.
- Neonatal jaundice after labour induced or stimulated by prostaglandin E2 or oxytocin. Lancet, 1982 May 1 [Go to PubMed]
- In a prospective study of neonatal jaundice 739 infants, delivered vaginally, in the vertex presentation, and without major complications, were examined. Labour was induced or stimulated after random allocation of the mothers to one of three oxytocics (prostaglandin E2 orally, oxytocin intravenously, or demoxytocin buccally). Oxytocics were unnecessary after primary amniotomy in 91 women. A linear logistic statistical analysis showed that gestational age has a highly significant influence on the risk of jaundice (defined by maximum serum level of bilirubin greater than or equal to 205 mumol/l). An apparent influence of birthweight could be explained by the correlation between birthweight and gestational age. The influence of the three oxytocic agents was not significant, although they may have had a slight effect; however, any such effect could be a consequence of the infants of mothers given oxytocics being less mature than those whom mothers did not receive oxytocics. The duration of labour and the mother' age also had no effect on risk of jaundice. Thus, neonatal jaundice after induced and stimulated labour seems to be primarily associated with fetal maturity; the pharmacological side-effect, if any, of oxytocics is of no importance.
- 1687895
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Oxytocin may contribute to producing Neonatal jaundice.
- [Effect of some drugs on physiological icterus in the newborn]. Minerva ginecologica, 1991 Dec [Go to PubMed]
- The Authors have correlated neonatal jaundice with the administration of oxytocin and prifinium bromide to the mother either alone or in association during labour. The percentage of neonatal jaundice in women treated with ritodrine hydrochloride during the second and third trimester of pregnancy was also calculated. A total of 1.101 deliveries were taken into consideration between January 1984 and June 1986. Thirty-three patients were treated with oxytocin alone; 444 patients with oxytocin and prifinium bromide; 81 patients with ritodrine hydrochloride during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, and 192 patients were untreated. This study indicates that all drugs may contribute to producing neonatal jaundice, as shown in the graphs, and drugs during labour should be used with extreme caution and be limited in quantity and period.
- 7155026
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Oxytocin use is not associated with delivery of immature babies in this trial.
- Birth weight, and use of oxytocin and analgesic agents in labour in relation to neonatal jaundice. The Medical journal of Australia, 1982 Nov 13 [Go to PubMed]
- A prospective study of 1977 babies, delivered in two district hospitals in the Northern Tablelands area of New South Wales, revealed a highly significant relationship between neonatal jaundice and birth weight in all cases of neonatal jaundice (P = 0.0001). The use of oxytocin was associated with a significant increase in the incidence of jaundice (all cases, P = 0.003; severely jaundiced babies, P = 0.05). This effect was related to the total dose of oxytocin used (P = 0.003 for all cases; P = 0.056 for severely jaundiced babies), but not to its rate of administration. No significant difference was apparent whether oxytocin was administered to initiate or to accelerate labour. The suggestion that oxytocin use is associated with delivery of immature babies is refuted. The use of analgesic agents during labour was not associated with an increased incidence of neonatal jaundice.
- 889741
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Review
- Summary
- High doses of oxytocin outweigh the risk of hyperbilirubinaemia.
- A multifactorial survey of neonatal juandice. British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 1977 Jun [Go to PubMed]
- Concern about a neonatal jaundice rate of 8-6 per cent prompted a retrospective survey of 981 full term infants. There was a highly significant association between increased oxytocin dosage and neonatal jaundice in induced labours. A significant association was also demonstrated between neonatal jaundice and both breast-feeding and minor infections. No association was demonstrated between neonatal jaundice and the method of delivery of birth weight. The results of the survey suggest that while oxytocin in high doses should be used with caution, the benefits obtained from the drug outweigh the risk of hyperbilirubinaemia which it may cause.
- 4040311
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Oxytocin may cause neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia through epiodes of increased uterine resting pressure if labor is not monitored through IUP,
- Induction of human labor at term: uterine activity, inducibility, duration and neonatal jaundice. Acta physiologica Hungarica, 1985 [Go to PubMed]
- A total of 821 patients, 39-40 weeks pregnant, was obstetrically normal at admission. In 212 of them intra-uterine pressure (IUP) was monitored before and during inducing labor by oxytocin, in 212 patients delivery was also induced by oxytocin but not monitored, in 197 by combining oxytocin and amniotomy, and 200 had spontaneous delivery. Inducibility could be predicted by uterine baseline activity and a 50 mu i.v. shot of oxytocin, together with determination of cervical status and placental location. The duration of labour induction was affected by parity, placental location and cervical status, but was predicted only to a minor degree by baseline activity and uterine oxytocin sensitivity. Amniotomy did not affect caesarean, section rate. The newborn child benefited from IUP monitoring: fewer transfers to pediatrics were necessary, there was less neonatal jaundice and fewer blood exchanges. It is assumed that if labor is not monitored through IUP, oxytocin may cause neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia through epiodes of increased uterine resting pressure.
- 4846130
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Case Report
- Summary
- Maternal oxytocin infusion is failed to proved influencing Neonatal jaundice.
- Influence of previous oral contraception and maternal oxytocin infusion on neonatal jaundice. British medical journal, 1974 Jul 27 [Go to PubMed]
- A prospective study of serum bilirubin levels on the first and sixth days of life in a series of 181 infants has failed to provide evidence to suggest that previous maternal oral contraception, maternal oxytocin infusion, epidural anaesthesia, or breast-feeding are factors influencing neonatal jaundice.
- 7964243
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Review
- Summary
- Use of oxytocin infusion increase the incidence of Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in this case.
- Risk factors for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = C, 1993 Aug [Go to PubMed]
- The purpose of this Historical Prospective Study was to analyze factors associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Data were collected from summary labour records and individual patients' records at Ramathibodi Hospital between January 1, 1988 and December 31, 1988. Of the 7,644 livebirths, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (> or = 15 mg/100 ml) occurred in 638 cases. There was a statistically significant positive relationship between hyperbilirubinemia and vacuum extraction (RR 2.7), preterm delivery (relative risk, RR 2.1), low birthweight (RR 2.0), antepartum complication (RR 1.7), intrapartum complications (RR 1.5), forceps delivery (RR 1.4), and oxytocin infusion (RR 1.3). No significant relationship emerged between hyperbilirubinemia and fetal sex, cesarean section, breech delivery and the 5 min Apgar score. From 1984 to 1988 there was a pronounced increase in the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Ramathibodi Hospital. This increase was consistent with the increase in use of oxytocin infusion which reflects changes in obstetric practice. Provision of information, education and communication about this adverse effect to obstetricians and auditing their use are suggested solutions.
- 1026549
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- a significant rise in the total serum bilirubin level appeared to occur when mothers received a total of more than 12,000 milliunits of oxytocin or more than 4,000 milliunits per kg birthweight of the infant.
- Neonatal jaundice--a comparison between intravenous oxytocin and oral prostaglandin E2. The Journal of international medical research, 1976 [Go to PubMed]
- The total serum bilirubin levels at two and occasionally five days after birth were studied in 162 infants whose mothers received either intravenous oxytocin or oral Prostaglandin te2 during labour, and the results were compared with those obtained in forty-two control patients. Following labour of spontaneous onset, whether the mother received intravenous oxytocin or oral Prostaglandin E2, neonatal total serum bilirubin levels were not different from those in controls. After induction by amniotomy and an active agent, higher mean total serum bilirubin levels were found in infants whose mothers received intravenous oxytocin than in those given oral prostaglandin E2; a significant rise in the total serum bilirubin level appeared to occur when mothers received a total of more than 12,000 milliunits of oxytocin or more than 4,000 milliunits per kg birthweight of the infant.
- 6963075
- Oxytocin
- Adverse Event
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Intravenous oxytocin infusion more than twice may caused icteric neonates.
- [Local application of PGE2 by means of a cervical cap for the induction of labor]. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 1982 Oct 29 [Go to PubMed]
- 206 pregnant women (36th to 42nd week of gestation) with low cervix scores were treated with an aqueous solution of PGE2 and NaCl applied peri-cervically by means of a portio adapter. In 169 cases (82%) labor was induced. In 29 patients (14.1%) the cervix was sufficiently ripened in order to allow successful induction by amniotomy. 11 patients (6.5%) were delivered by caesarean section, 7 (4.1%) by low forceps, all others delivered spontaneously. Time of delivery was short; no side effects were observed. Apgar scores and serum bilirubin levels of 30 neonates showed no differences to the control group consisting of 30 babies born after spontaneous onset of labor. In a second control group with labor induction by means of intravenous oxytocin infusion more than twice as many icteric neonates were found.
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6 record(s) for Oxytocin NA in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- Summary
- maybe aggravate Neonatal jaundice
- The effect of oxytocin in induced labour on neonatal jaundice. British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 1979 Feb [Go to PubMed]
- A prospective study in 180 mothers and babies examined the effects of oxytocin in induced labour on plasma bilirubin levels in cord blood, as well as on the incidence of neonatal jaundice. Raised plasma bilirubin levels in cord blood, probably enhanced by breakdown of fetal red cells, appeared to be a dose dependent effect of oxytocin. Commensurate with this was the finding that a larger proportion of babies in the induced group manifested a greater severity of jaundice.
- Summary
- Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and usage of oxytocin have the log linear trend
- [A case-control study on the relationship between neonatal hyperbilirubaemia and usage of oxytocin during labour]. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxi, 1992 Oct [Go to PubMed]
- Analytical method for multiple exposure level data of matching (1:1) case-control study was employed in the study on the relationship between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and usage of oxytocin (during) in labour. The result showed that there was significant association between them (chi 2 = 15.538, df = 3, P = 0.0014). The odds ratios for various exposure level were 1-5.9 (u): OR = 1.085; 6-8.9 (u): OR = 5.5; 9 + (u): OR = 3.687 and the log linear trend among them was significant (chi 2 = 11.991, df = 1, P = 0.0005).
- 1125148
- Oxytocin
- NA
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia following the use of oxytocin in labour
- Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia following the use of oxytocin in labour. British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 1975 Apr [Go to PubMed]
- A prospective study of 1353 labours and the relevant newborn failed to reveal any significant difference between the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia (defined as a level of 12 mg. or more per 100 ml.) following spontaneous labour, and after labour induced or accelerated by oxytocin. The incidence of unexplained neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia after spontaneous labour was 6-3 per cent. Following induced labour however there was a highly significant (P less than 0-001) association between the mean total dose of oxytocin used for induction and the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia. The proportion of babies who developed hyperbilirubinaemia increased in direct relation to the total dose of oxytocin used for the induction. In this series the incidence of hyperbilirubinaemia increased sharply when the total dose of oxytocin exceeded 20 units as it did hyperbilirubinaemia and birthweight, or duration of spontaneous labour. When labour was induced, however, the proportion on newborn babies with hyperbiirubinaemia increased with the duration of labour. The significance of these findings is discussed.
- 7215766
- Oxytocin
- NA
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- See no influence on postpartum serumbilirubin concentrations of the neonates.
- [Influence of oxytocin and prostaglandin E2 on icterus neonatorum (author's transl)]. Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde, 1981 Mar [Go to PubMed]
- The aim of this progressive study is to clarify whether the pain-in-labour drugs Oxytocin and Prostaglandin E2 do have an influence on postpartum serumbilirubin concentrations of the neonates. Two groups of neonates in which labour was induced with Oxytocin or Prostaglandin E2 were compared with a control group without pain-in-labour stimulants. The three groups were comparable in respect of obstetrical anamnesis and risk factors. The serumbilirubin concentration of the neonates was controlled at very frequent intervals during the first 72 hours. In the three groups, no difference could be found in the serumbilirubin values during the 72 hours' duration of the study.
- 12552319
- Oxytocin
- NA
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Summary
- No significant effect of oxytocin infusion was revealed on Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia unless oxytocin was for the augmentation of labor.
- Oxytocin infusion in labor: the effect different indications and the use of different diluents on neonatal bilirubin levels. Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2003 Jan [Go to PubMed]
- To investigate the relationship of neonatal bilirubin levels to oxytocin infusion and the diluent used for oxytocin infusion.
The study was carried out as a prospective, randomized study in Istanbul University Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between January to December in 1995. A total of 80 patients managed with oxytocin during labor, enrolled to the study. These patients randomly divided into isotonic % 0.9 saline (Group 1) and 5% glucose solutions (Group 2) by a consecutive order using a balanced block randomization scheme. Forty multiparous patients delivering without oxytocin infusion formed the control group (Group 3). The details of maternal age, gestational age, labor duration, mode of delivery, birth weight of the babies, total volume of fluid administered until delivery and total oxytocin dose were noted in each case. Sodium and initial bilirubin levels were measured in the cord blood. Later on, capillary blood bilirubin and hematocrit concentrations were measured on day 1 and 2 in the newborn nursery. The groups were compared according to these parameters.
The data of 29 patients in Group 1, 36 patients in Group 2 and 40 patients in Group 3 were suitable for analysis. The difference between study and control groups regarding the rate of hyponatremia, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal jaundice was not statistically significant. Cord plasma sodium levels, cord plasma bilirubin levels and day 1 and 2 hematocrit and plasma bilirubin levels were not statistically different between the groups. irrespective of the diluent used, the cord plasma bilirubin levels and day 2 plasma bilirubin levels were significantly higher in the accelerated group.
No significant effect of oxytocin infusion was revealed on neonatal hyperbilirubinemia unless oxytocin was for the augmentation of labor.
- 15636982
- Oxytocin
- NA
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- There were no adverse effects on the fetus, as judged by cord pH measurement, Apgar score, admission to the special care baby unit and Neonatal jaundice.
- The elective use of oxytocin infusion during labour in nulliparous women using epidural analgesia: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. International journal of obstetric anesthesia, 1995 Apr [Go to PubMed]
- The obstetric outcome following the elective use of oxytocin infusion was determined in a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. 93 nulliparous women in a London hospital, who had requested epidural analgesia in labour (
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6 record(s) for Oxytocin Effective in Inducing Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 7161688
- Oxytocin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- oxytocin induction was generally associated with an attenuation of bilirubin levels
- Vacuum extraction and neonatal jaundice. Journal of perinatal medicine, 1982 [Go to PubMed]
- Various fetal scalp lesions are relted to the use of the vacuum extractor. Blood sequestered in these lesions could result in an increased bilirubin load on the functionally limited neonatal liver, leading to the development of hyperbilirubinemia. In the present study bilirubin levels of vacuum extracted neonates were compared with those of non-instrumentally delivered babies during the first 72 hours of life. Sixty-nine vacuum extracted neonates had higher bilirubin levels than 56 non-instrumentally delivered babies at 24 (114 mumol/l vs. 96 mumol/l), 48 (163 vs. 141) and 72 (194 vs. 144) hours of age. The p values were 0.05, less than 0.025 and less than 0.001 respectively. This trend was apparent in both oxytocin induced and non-induced deliveries and whether or not phototherapy cases were included in the analysis. The incidence of hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy was higher after vacuum extraction than after non instrumental delivery (27.5% vs. 12.5%; p less than 0.04). Analysis of our results unexpectedly indicated that oxytocininduction was generally associated with an attenuation of bilirubin levels after both vacuum extraction and spontaneous delivery. The clinician attending newborn babies should be aware of the higher incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia associated with vacuum extraction.
- 8096475
- Oxytocin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- The use of isotonic saline rather than 5% glucose solution as vehicle for oxytocin infusion in labor appears to be associated with lower neonatal bilirubin levels.
- Effect of saline and glucose infusions of oxytocin on neonatal bilirubin levels. International journal of gynaecology and obstetric, 1993 Mar [Go to PubMed]
- To ascertain the effect of isotonic saline and glucose infusions of oxytocin on neonatal bilirubin levels.
Eighty-two parturient Nigerian women requiring oxytocin infusion in labor were randomized into two groups receiving 0.9% saline or 5% glucose, respectively. A group of 82 women not requiring oxytocin were recruited for comparison. All had sodium and bilirubin estimations in cord plasma and neonatal bilirubin assay on Day 3.
Analysis of variance revealed higher mean cord and neonatal bilirubin levels in the glucose group compared with the other two (P < 0.05). Significant inverse correlation was observed between cord plasma sodium and neonatal bilirubin levels in all groups. Hyperbilirubinemia occurred in 55% of babies in the glucose group compared with 21% and 22% in the saline and control groups, respectively (P < 0.001).
The use of isotonic saline rather than 5% glucose solution as vehicle for oxytocin infusion in labor appears to be associated with lower neonatal bilirubin levels.
- 20497361
- Oxytocin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Used to cause contraction of the uterus, which is used to start labor, increase the speed of labor, and to stop bleeding following delivery
- Natural history and predictive risk factors of prolonged unconjugated jaundice in the newborn. Pediatrics international : official journal of the, 2010 Oct [Go to PubMed]
- This study aimed to investigate the natural course and risk factors for prolonged unconjugated jaundice (PUJ) in neonates.
This was a prospective descriptive study conducted in a tertiary care referral hospital of Northern India. The study included neonates who presented with clinical jaundice beyond 14 days of age. A detailed history, clinical examination and investigations were performed in all. All were followed till the normalization of clinical jaundice or up to 8 weeks of age, whichever was earlier. The key outcome measure was time to normalization of PUJ. Predictive risk factors for PUJ were analyzed by comparing with matched controls. Regression analysis was done for independent predictive risk factors of PUJ.
A total of 71 infants presented with prolonged jaundice (PJ). Out of these, 66 infants (93%) had PUJ. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency was the most commonly identified association of PUJ (24%). The median duration of jaundice in infants with PUJ was 5 weeks (range: 5-8). PJ in siblings (OR 2.9 [1.1-7.6]), oxytocin use during labor (OR 3.4 [1.1-10.4]) and G6PD deficiency (OR 4.0 [1.1-14.1]) were independent predictors of PUJ.
Irrespective of the etiology, by 8 weeks, PUJ disappeared in all infants. G6PD deficiency was the most common association of PUJ. A history of PJ in siblings, use of oxytocin during labor and G6PD deficiency were independent predictors for PUJ.
- 9736796
- Oxytocin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- the use of 16 mg dexamethasone 21-phosphate at the beginning of the induction or augmentation of labor with oxytocin, followed by an additional 4-mg dose 4 h later intravenously, is advantageous for the prevention of erythrocyte destruction.
- Prophylaxis of the occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia in relation to maternal oxytocin infusion with steroid treatment. Gynecologic and obstetric investigation, 1998 [Go to PubMed]
- This study was carried out to investigate the steroid prevention on the occurrence and the severity of red blood cell destruction by the effect of oxytocin usage for labor induction. Venous cord blood was collected from the pregnancies who had oxytocin-induced or augmented labors (20), oxytocin-infused deliveries with steroid use (20), deliveries without oxytocin use (20) and cesarean sections (20). Evaluation of the data showed significant increase in serum bilirubin level, serum lactic dehydrogenase activity, erythrocyte fragility and reticulocyte count (p < 0.0083), and a significant decrease in hemoglobulin concentration, packed red cell volume fraction (p < 0.01) in groups with labor induction or augmentation with oxytocin in comparison to deliveries with oxytocin plus steroid use and the two other methods of delivery. Moreover, with regard to the above data, no significant difference was observed between the deliveries other than oxytocin-only use. Mean corpuscular volume in the oxytocin group was apparently (not significant) higher than the steroid group. The results of this study suggest that the use of 16 mg dexamethasone 21-phosphate at the beginning of the induction or augmentation of labor with oxytocin, followed by an additional 4-mg dose 4 h later intravenously, is advantageous for the prevention of erythrocyte destruction.
- 4726154
- Oxytocin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Oxytocin has a dose dependent effect.
- Neonatal jaundice and maternal oxytocin infusion. British medical journal, 1973 Sep 1 [Go to PubMed]
- A prospective study of 78 neonates provides evidence for an association between maternal oxytocin infusion and neonatal jaundice. On the second and fifth days infants of mothers whose labour had been induced by amniotomy followed immediately by intravenous oxytocin (group C) had mean total bilirubin levels significantly higher (P <0.05) than did infants whose mothers had had a spontaneous onset of labour and did not require oxytocin (group A). Bilirubin levels in infants of mothers whose onset of labour was spontaneous but required oxytocin to accelerate progress (group B) did not differ significantly from group A.Though these findings suggest a dose dependent effect of oxytocin, other possible explanations are suggested which take into account other drugs administered to the mother and also differences in the corticosteroid status of the groups of infants.
- 6868969
- Oxytocin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Summary
- Used for induction or acceleration of labor.
- Effect of segmental epidural analgesia on neonatal serum bilirubin concentration and incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 1983 [Go to PubMed]
- Neonatal serum bilirubin levels were determined at the ages of 12 hrs, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days and 5 days in 80 infants. Forty-three mothers had received segmental epidural analgesia at the height of Th 10-12 for pain relief during the first stage of labor. The analgesic agent used was 0.5% bupivacaine. The individual doses were of 4 ml. Thirty-seven mothers served as a control group. The groups were further divided into smaller groups according to whether oxytocin was used for induction or acceleration of labor--or not. The results showed no statistically significant differences in the neonatal serum bilirubin levels at different times between the epidural and the control groups, whether oxytocin was used or not. Nor did the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia cases differ between the groups.
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1 record(s) for Oxytocin Controvesial in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 3353184
- Oxytocin
- Controvesial
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Summary
- Maybe aggravate Neonatal jaundice.
- Jaundice in the healthy newborn infant: a new approach to an old problem. Pediatrics, 1988 Apr [Go to PubMed]
- We measured the serum bilirubin concentrations in 2,416 consecutive infants admitted to our well baby nursery. The maximal serum bilirubin concentration exceeded 12.9 mg/dL (221 mumol/L) in 147 infants (6.1%), and these infants were compared with 147 randomly selected control infants with maximal serum bilirubin levels less than or equal to 12.9 mg/dL. A serum bilirubin concentration greater than 12.9 mg/dL was associated strongly with breast-feeding (P = .0000) and percentage of weight loss after birth (P = .0001), as well as with maternal diabetes, oriental race, decreased gestational age, male sex, bruising, and induction of labor with oxytocin. Risk ratios and the risk of jaundice were calculated for hypothetical infants in the presence and absence of these variables. These calculations show that, in certain infants,"
nonphysiologi"
jaundice is likely to develop and its presence in such infants might not require laboratory investigations. In others, a modest degree of hyperbilirubinemia could be cause for concern. An awareness of these factors and their potential contribution to serum bilirubin levels permits a more rational approach to the action levels used for the investigation of jaundice in the newborn. We need a new definition of physiologic jaundice.
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7 record(s) for Oxytocin Not Effective to Patients in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 6496421
- Oxytocin
- Not Effective to Patients
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- We conclude that oxytocin induction or augmentation of labor does not result in neonatal hemolysis and subsequent hyperbilirubinemia when it is administered without large volumes of sodium-free intravenous solutions.
- Oxytocin and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Studies of bilirubin production. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1984 Nov [Go to PubMed]
- We studied the effect of oxytocin induction or augmentation of labor on rates of bilirubin production in newborns at three different institutions. Bilirubin production, assessed quantitatively by the pulmonary excretion rate of carbon monoxide or qualitatively by the blood carboxyhemoglobin concentration, was not elevated when compared with appropriately matched control groups. Previous studies have implicated administration of large volumes of electrolyte-free dextrose solutions together with oxytocin as an important factor contributing to hemolysis in the infant. The mothers in our studies received minimal amounts of free water. We conclude that oxytocin induction or augmentation of labor does not result in neonatal hemolysis and subsequent hyperbilirubinemia when it is administered without large volumes of sodium-free intravenous solutions.
- 687542
- Oxytocin
- Not Effective to Patients
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- spontaneous labour and labour induced by (a) amniotomy, (b) amniotomy and simultaenous infusion of oxytocin, (c) amniotomy and simultaneous administration of oral prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). No significant difference in serum bilirubin levels in the first five days of life was found in the four groups.
- Neonatal serum bilirubin levels in spontaneous and induced labour. British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 1978 Aug [Go to PubMed]
- An investigation was made into the onset and severity of neonatal jaundice in 114 patients following spontaneous labour and labour induced by (a) amniotomy, (b) amniotomy and simultaenous infusion of oxytocin, (c) amniotomy and simultaneous administration of oral prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). No significant difference in serum bilirubin levels in the first five days of life was found in the four groups.
- 832018
- Oxytocin
- Not Effective to Patients
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Infants delivered after spontaneous labour accelerated by oxytocin showed no such increase.
- Influence of simultaneous low amniotomy and oxytocin infusion and other maternal factors on neonatal jaundice: a prospective study. British medical journal, 1977 Jan 8 [Go to PubMed]
- In a prospective study of 196 consecutive single births a significant increase in serum bilirubin concentrations was found in infants born after low amniotomy induction and oxytocin infusion compared with those born spontaneously. This relationship was not dose-dependent and may have been associated with artificial interruption of pregnancy rather than the oxytocin itself. Infants delivered after spontaneous labour accelerated by oxytocin showed no such increase. The hormonal surge at the spontaneous onset of labour may affect fetal enzyme induction, but other factors, such as methods of infant feeding and oral contraceptive use, were found not to be significant.
- 3982909
- Oxytocin
- Not Effective to Patients
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- In this study, other previously suspected etiologic factors such as epidural anesthesia, parity, use of oxytocin in labor, and white race were not associated with hyperbilirubinemia.
- Epidemiology of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Pediatrics, 1985 Apr [Go to PubMed]
- Interview and record review data from 12,023 singleton deliveries were analyzed to determine the relationships between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (10 mg/dL or greater) and maternal characteristics. Confounding variables were controlled by multiple logistic regression analysis. There was a statistically significant positive relationship between hyperbilirubinemia and low birth weight, Oriental race, premature rupture of membranes, breast-feeding, neonatal infection, use of the"
pil"
at time of conception, instrumental delivery, and history of first trimester bleeding. Maternal smoking and black race were negatively related to hyperbilirubinemia and statistically significant. In this study, other previously suspected etiologic factors such as epidural anesthesia, parity, use of oxytocin in labor, and white race were not associated with hyperbilirubinemia.
- 10645520
- Oxytocin
- Not Effective to Patients
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Other factors considered in the regression model but not found to be significantly related to jaundice included intranatal administration of oxytocin, meperidine.
- Predicting the risk of jaundice in full-term healthy newborns: a prospective population-based study. Journal of perinatology : official journal of the , 1999 Dec [Go to PubMed]
- The need to recognize infants that are at high risk for developing significant jaundice is apparent in the era of routine early discharge. The aim of the present study was to prospectively determine the ability to predict severe hyperbilirubinemia in term healthy newborns (defined as total serum bilirubin of > 10.0 mg/dl at day 2, > 14.0 mg/dl at day 3, and > 17.0 mg/dl at days 4 and 5 of life).
Prospective study of 1177 healthy term newborns.
Two university-affiliated community hospitals in Jerusalem.
Using a multiple logistic regression analysis, neonatal jaundice was best predicted (p < 0.0001) by day 1 serum bilirubin (adjusted odds ratio of 3.1 [per mg/dl] [95% confidence limits of 2.4 to 4.1]) and by a change in serum bilirubin from the first to the second day of life (2.4 [per mg/dl] [1.9 to 3.0]). Maternal blood type 0 (2.9 [1.5 to 5.8]), age (1.1 [per year] [1.0 to 1.2]), schooling (0.8 [per year] [0.7 to 0.9]), and full breastfeeding (0.4 [0.2 to 0.9]) were also associated with jaundice (p < 0.005). Other factors considered in the regression model but not found to be significantly related to jaundice included maternal ethnic origin, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, intranatal administration of oxytocin, meperidine, anesthesia, premature rupture of the membranes, parity, newborn sex, birth weight, gestational age, presentation. Apgar scores, blood type, hematocrit, cephalohematoma, and history of jaundice in other siblings. A model for predicting neonatal jaundice based on the above factors had a sensitivity of 81.8%, a specificity of 82.9%, a false positive rate of 80.2%, and a false negative rate of 1.1%.
Individual risk assessment on discharge in association with day 1 total serum bilirubin is of value in identifying infants at greater risk for neonatal jaundice.
- 8368029
- Oxytocin
- Not Effective to Patients
- System Review
- Summary
- agents that stimulate uterine motility (oxytocin) as well as drugs that inhibit uterine motility (ritodrine) may have an icterogenic effect. no practical consequences arise except in such cases where additional risk factors may increase the danger of bilirubin encephalopathies in jaundiced infants.
- [Do drugs in pregnancy modify neonatal jaundice?]. Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie, 1993 [Go to PubMed]
- An increased incidence of neonatal jaundice has been observed in babies born to mothers who were treated with different drugs before or during delivery. In this review literature data on such drugs are collected which are under suspicion to produce increased levels of bilirubin in the newborn infant. Despite numerous attempts to show significant effects of these drugs on neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia most of them give contradictory results. Nevertheless, agents that stimulate uterine motility (oxytocin) as well as drugs that inhibit uterine motility (ritodrine) may have an icterogenic effect. Possible mechanisms of their actions are described. Thus, even if there is some association between drugs given prenatally and jaundice developing postnatally, no practical consequences arise except in such cases where additional risk factors may increase the danger of bilirubin encephalopathies in jaundiced infants.
- 7626527
- Oxytocin
- Not Effective to Patients
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Oxytocin induced/augmented labour seems not effective to the patients os jaundiced neonates.
- Neonatal jaundice in Zaria, Nigeria--a second prospective study. West African journal of medicine, [Go to PubMed]
- Of the 587 neonates born in ABUTH, Zaria, Nigeria and successfully followed up, 99 were clinically jaundiced (16.9%). Of these, only 38 (38%) had significant hyperbilirubinaemia (serum bilirubin above 170 umol/L). During the same period, 279 neonates were admitted through Emergency Paediatric Unit (EPU) of whom 70 (25%) were jaundiced and 64 (95%) of them had serum bilirubin above 170 umol/L. Jaundice was more severe and the incidence of kernicterus higher in babies born outside the hospital than in those born in hospital and periodically followed up. The incidence of kernicterus was 20.3% and 2.6% respectively. The pattern of aetiological factors was similar in the two groups of jaundiced neonates. Septicaemia (50%) and G6PD deficiency (40%) were the major aetiological factors. Exposure to traditional herbal medications, oxytocin induced/augmented labour, cephalhaematoma and tribal incidences did not play statistically significant roles. Jaundice due to Rh-incompatibility was not encountered. Results of thi double prospective study were compared with the previous findings in this and other centres in Nigeria.
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1 record(s) for Oxytocin Controvesial in Ulcerative Colitis in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 1191600
- Oxytocin
- Controvesial in Ulcerative Colitis
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Oxytocin used to accelerate spontaneous labour,and presumably contributed to the hyperbilirubinaemia.
- Factors affecting the increasing incidence of severe non-haemolytic neonatal jaundice. British journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 1975 Nov [Go to PubMed]
- Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia is increasing in frequency. In view of conflicting evidence about the possible causes, retrospective analyses have been carried out among babies born during six months of 1974. Preliminary analysis confirmed the over-riding importance of preterm birth (before 37 weeks), but only one of 17 such cases could be attributed to ill-judged artificial induction of labor. For the main analysis, the incidence of eight possibly relevant antecedent factors was compared in 46 cases of hyperbilirubinaemia (unconjugated bilirubin more than 15 mg per 100 ml in term babies and more than 13 mg per 100 ml in some preterm babies) and in 92 controls matched for sex and gestational age. Induction of labour by"
primar"
oxytocin infusion and artificial rupture of the membranes was very significantly more common in the index cases (p less than 0-01), but there was no difference in the incidence of"
secondar"
oxytocin, used to accelerate spontaneous labour. Evidence of uterin unresponsiveness suggests that the natural onset of labour was being anticipated by at least some days in many of the index cases and this could prevent the natural"
primin"
of the fetal enzyme systems. An excess of epidural analgesia in the mothers of the index cases was probably due to its association with the need for pain relief during"
primar"
oxytocin infusions. The higher incidence of postnatal weight loss in the index cases presumably contributed to the hyperbilirubinaemia.