- General Drug Summary
- Description
- Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables. The richest natural source is yeast. It occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as flavin mononucleotide and flavin-adenine dinucleotide. [PubChem]
- Also Known As
- Lactoflavin; Lactoflavine; Riboflavina [INN-Spanish]; Riboflavine [INN-French]; Riboflavinum [INN-Latin]; Russupteridine Yellow III; Vitamin B2; Vitamin Bi; Vitamin G
- Categories
- Vitamin B Complex
- Groups
- approved; nutraceutical
- Structure
- Summary In Neonatal Jaundice
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1 record(s) for Riboflavin Effective in Basic Research in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 7388087
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Basic Research
- In Vitro Study
- Summary
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- Effect of theophylline on the riboflavin-sensitized photodegradation of bilirubin in vitro. Biology of the neonate, 1980 [Go to PubMed]
- Under in vitro conditions, theophylline accelerates the rate of bilirubin photodestuction sensitized by riboflavin, but does not do so in absence of this dye. The effect depends on the concentrations of theophylline and/or riboflavin, on the bilirubin/albumin ratio, and seems to implicate bilirubin unbound to serum albumin. Possible causes of the theophylline action and clinical implication regarding thephototherapy of neonatal jaundice are discussed.
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7 record(s) for Riboflavin Effective in Inducing Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 16152692
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- A photosensitizer that generates singlet oxygen, which promotes bilirubin photodecomposition and co-administered with metalloporphyrins was effective in reducing Heme Oxygenase activity.
- The use of riboflavin and metalloporphyrins in cytochrome P-450 content in Wistar rats. Artificial cells, blood substitutes, and immobiliz, 2005 [Go to PubMed]
- Phototherapy is commonly used for the treatment of neonatal jaundice. Riboflavin is a photosensitizer that generates singlet oxygen, which promotes bilirubin photodecomposition. Metalloporphyrins are also effective photosensitizers. The effect of a combined dosing regimen of riboflavin and metalloporphyrins was studied, with the aim of increasing the efficiency of the phototherapeutic treatment of hyperbilirubinemia. It was envisaged that riboflavin and the metalloporphyrins, by promoting the photodecomposition of bilirubin, would thereby lead to a reduction of the toxic side effects associated with phototherapy. The results shows that a phototherapeutic treatment, in which riboflavin and metalloporphyrins were co-administered, was effective in reducing Heme Oxygenase activity. However, a comprehensive study of the possible side effects of metalloporphyrin treatment in the wavelength under consideration is essential prior to utilizing these compounds for any clinical applications.
- 6534175
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- An electron donor functioning at bilirubin react with flavins under anaerobic condition.
- Reversible photoreduction of flavin with bilirubin II. Acta vitaminologica et enzymologica, 1984 [Go to PubMed]
- Bilirubin react with flavins under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Under anaerobic conditions these substances behave as a redox-system in solution, riboflavin functioning as an electron acceptor and bilirubin as an electron donor. The reaction products are the leuco-form of riboflavin and biliverdin. On the basis of the dependence of the optical spectrum and of the reaction rate on pH it can be assumed that bilirubin reacts in the anionic form. Under anaerobic conditions a reversible reaction occurs leading to a dynamic equilibrium of the reactants. The products were identified and determined by optical spectroscopy, chromatography and potentiometry. Excretion of biliverdin in the stool of new-born infants was orientatively monitored during the phototherapy of hyperbilirubinemia, after the administration of small doses of riboflavin. It has been found that excretion of biliverdin increases during the phototherapy. The possibility of utilizing the described reaction for an improvement in the phototherpy of new-born infant hyperbilirubinemia is discussed.
- 972787
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Summary
- Riboflavin is the detection index of the antinucleoside peroxidase staining procedure,the purpose of it is to detect the effect of phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia through the change of physiological DNA of human cell.
- Riboflaven and bilirubin response during phototherapy. Pediatric research, 1976 Oct [Go to PubMed]
- Twenty-four jaundiced neonates were studied, 12 in the treatment group and 12 in the untreated group. Patients were randomly selected to receive oral riboflavin. The mean 24-hr bilirubin decrease was determined during phototherapy. Blue light (420-470 nm) energy ranged from 6-10 muW/cm2. The observed 24-hr bilirubin decreased was compared with the expected decrease based on an energy-dose-response relationship. Riboflavin-treated infants received either 6-7 mu W/cm blue light energy or 810 muW/cm (same as control group). Those infants receiving less energy than the control group (8-10 muW)cm2 had a mean 24-hr bilirubin decrease (3.05 mg/100 ml/24 hr) equal to the control group (3.09 mg/100 ml/24 hr). Those riboflavin-treated infants receiving energy equal to the control group showed a greater decline (5.2 mg/100 ml/24 hr) in their mean 24-hr bilirubin. Although effective, additional in vivo studies are required to clarify the full effects, especially on DNA, of using photosensitizers such as riboflavin in th presence of bilirubin and blue light energy (420-470 nm).
- 4040702
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Cofactor in the conversion of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) to pyridoxal phosphate (PALP), essential coenzyme in numerous metabolic pathways, light sensitive in vitro.
- Postnatal decline in pyridoxal phosphate and riboflavin. Accentuation by phototherapy. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1985 Aug [Go to PubMed]
- Riboflavin is a cofactor in the conversion of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) to pyridoxal phosphate (PALP), an essential coenzyme in numerous metabolic pathways, including neurotransmitter synthesis. Riboflavin and pyridoxine are light sensitive in vitro, and conflicting results have been reported on the in vivo effects of phototherapy on riboflavin. We studied 25 full-term neonates receiving phototherapy and 16 healthy controls to evaluate their riboflavin and PALP status. Both vitamin cofactors decreased in both sets of infants, but significantly more so in the irradiated group. While the biologic or clinical importance of a modest biochemical decline in the level of PALP has not been established, it is possible that transient behavioral changes in irradiated, jaundiced neonates could be mediated by decreased availability of PALP. The mechanism for the postnatal decline and the desirability of routine supplementation with pyridoxine, especially in irradiated infants, require further study.
- 2509172
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Review
- Summary
- Act as a receptor during the process of photooxidation in bilirubin photochemical degradation.
- Metabolism of bilirubin and riboflavin in the course of phototherapy for hyperbilirubinaemia in the newborns. Czechoslovak medicine, 1989 [Go to PubMed]
- The study of bilirubin photochemical degradation in the presence of riboflavin has shown that, in this case, the primary process is photooxidation during which riboflavin acts as a receptor and bilirubin as a donor of electrons. The reaction proceeds under anaerobic conditions in an equilibrated manner, under aerobic ones as a catalytic process during which the catalyst, i. e., riboflavin is regenerated. The primary intermediate product is biliverdin in vitro, later this is further broken down. For the purpose of studying the mechanism of this process liquid chromatography and computerized technique based on solving nonlinear differential equations have been used. It appears that during phototherapy in the newborn infant there develops a decrease of the blood level of riboflavin reaching up to hypovitaminotic values and a transient biliverdin level elevation. Oral riboflavin administration may maintain this level within physiological range and at the same time shorten the necessary duration of phototherapy. n severe cases of hyperbilirubinaemia a shift of the ratio between flavin-adenin-dinucleotide and free riboflavin, as compared to the physiological state, has been recorded. The results of this work are discussed in the light of our current knowledge concerning the mechanisms of bilirubin breakdown during prototherapy.
- 3556611
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Review
- Summary
- Biologically most important flavins,inherently low stores and low intake of riboflavin plus phototherapy for Neonatal jaundice will cause a deficiency of riboflavin at a critical period for the newborn.
- Photodegradation of riboflavin in neonates. Federation proceedings, 1987 Apr [Go to PubMed]
- The biologically most important flavins are riboflavin and its related nucleotides, all highly sensitive to light. It is because of its photoreactivity and its presence in almost all body fluids and tissues that riboflavin assumes importance in phototherapy of neonatal jaundice. The absorption maxima of both bilirubin and riboflavin in the body are nearly identical: 445-450 (447) nm. In consequence, blue visible light will cause photoisomerization of bilirubin accompanied by photodegradation of riboflavin. This results in diminished erythrocyte glutathione reductase, which indicates generalized tissue riboflavin deficiency and red cell lysis. Single- and double-strand breaks in intracellular DNA have occurred with phototherapy. This light exposure of neonates may result also in alterations of bilirubin-albumin binding in the presence of both riboflavin and theophylline (the latter frequently given to prevent neonatal apnea). Many newborns, especially if premature, have low stores of riboflavin at birth. The bsorptive capacity of premature infants for enteral riboflavin is likewise reduced. Consequently, inherently low stores and low intake of riboflavin plus phototherapy for neonatal jaundice will cause a deficiency of riboflavin at a critical period for the newborn. Supplementation to those infants most likely to develop riboflavin deficiency is useful, but dosage, time, and mode of administration to infants undergoing phototherapy must be carefully adjusted to avoid unwanted side effects.
- 7347491
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Practice Guideline
- Summary
- Riboflavin functions as a reversible electron acceptor in the bilirubin riboflavin-system,and accelerates the bilirubin photodegradation.
- Reversible photoreduction of flavin with bilirubin I. Acta vitaminologica et enzymologica, 1981 [Go to PubMed]
- In the photochemical degradation of bilirubin under anaerobic condition, the bilirubin riboflavin-system behaves as an equilibrium electrochemical system characterized by a redox-potential. Bilirubin decomposes irreversibly and riboflavin functions as a reversible electron acceptor. This equilibrium is not established under aerobic conditions, probably due to reoxidation of the riboflavin leuco-form by oxygen. Riboflavin accelerates the bilirubin photodegradation about 30 times at equimolar concentrations of thetwo components and in the presence of a buffer at pH 7.3. The present results of a study on a model system are applicable in the phototherapy of newborn infant hyperbilirubinemia.
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6 record(s) for Riboflavin Effective in Maintaining Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 749459
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- In Vivo Study
- Summary
- Riboflavin supplementation to neonates could improve the phototherapy of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia.
- Photodegradation of bilirubin as enhanced by photosensitizers in vitro. Acta biologica et medica Germanica, 1978 [Go to PubMed]
- Photosensitizers such as methylene blue or riboflavin enhance the rate of bilirubin photodegradation in vitro. This effect is studied with respect to dose-response and time-response relationships, the influence of concentrations of bilirubin and albumin, and the oxygen consumption. The results are discussed in view of the probability that the effects described also occur in vivo and that riboflavin supplementation to neonates could improve the phototherapy of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia.
- 830875
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- Riboflavin is the detection index of the antinucleoside peroxidase staining procedure,the purpose of it is to detect the effect of phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia through the change of physiological DNA of human cell.
- Light (phototherapy)--induced riboflavin deficiency in the neonate. The Journal of pediatrics, 1977 Jan [Go to PubMed]
- Phototherapy with blue light decomposes riboflavin, which has a maximum absorption at 450 nm. A study was designed to determine whether riboflavin deficiency developed in neonates who received phototherapy for moderate hyperbilirubinemia. Twenty-one infants with normal erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity were investigated. Five infants with moderate hyperbilirubinemia who did not require phototherapy served as the controls. Riboflavin deficiency was determined from the degree of saturation of erythrocyte glutathione reductase, a method shown to reflect riboflavin nutritional status in the neonate. Sixteen of 21 infants who were exposed to phototherapy developed riboflavin deficiency; all who had phototherapy for 49 hours or more developed the deficiency. That the concentration of serum bilirubin or the duration of hyperbilirubinemia was not a factor is supported by the fact that none of the controls became deficient. This observation may have important metabolic and clinical consequences fr the neonate.
- 6601255
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Case Report
- Summary
- Standard phototherapy illumination of human cells in the presence of riboflavin is known to produce single-strand breaks in intracellular DNA.
- Short communication. Photochemical reactions of riboflavin: covalent binding to DNA and to poly (dA) . poly (dT). h, 1983 Mar [Go to PubMed]
- Standard phototherapy illumination of human cells in the presence of riboflavin is known to produce single-strand breaks in intracellular DNA. A new photochemical reaction is described between riboflavin and purified DNA in which an adduct is formed. Unlike the previously described oxygen-dependent reaction between light-activated riboflavin and deoxyguanosine, this new photochemical reaction is oxygen-independent and involves deoxyadenosine or thymidine.
- 4096860
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- The effect of phototherapy was markedly enhanced by the additional riboflavin, by the end of the 3-hour period a significant fall of serum bilirubin was demonstrated in the 14 patients treated with blue light and riboflavin while in the patients treated with phototherapy alone the bilirubin level continued to rise.
- Riboflavin (vitamin B2) treatment of neonatal pathological jaundice. Acta paediatrica Hungarica, 1985 [Go to PubMed]
- The effect of traditional blue-light and riboflavin combined with blue-light was compared in newborns affected by ABO incompatibility, admitted for exchange transfusion. During the period of preparation for the intervention 14 patients were treated with blue light alone and 14 patients with riboflavin combined with phototherapy. A single dose of 10 mg/kg riboflavin was administered intravenously. The duration of treatment was three hours in both groups. The effect of phototherapy was markedly enhanced by the additional riboflavin, by the end of the 3-hour period a significant fall of serum bilirubin was demonstrated in the 14 patients treated with blue light and riboflavin while in the patients treated with phototherapy alone the bilirubin level continued to rise. There was no difference in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, and in lipid peroxidation between the groups.
- 953178
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Meta-Analysis
- Summary
- Riboflavin supplementation to neonates could improve the phototherapy of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia.
- Effect of broad and narrow spectrum fluorescent light on blood constituents. Birth defects original article series, 1976 [Go to PubMed]
- Riboflavin in whole blood, G-6-PD activity in erythrocytes and amino acids in plasma of infants irradiated by broad and narrow spectrum blue fluorescent light were determined. Riboflavin was reduced by both types of light. Loss of G-6-PD activity during phototherapy with subsequent hemolysis was observed in some infants under each type of light source, both in vivo and in vitro. This phenomenon may be related to the indirect effect of riboflavin reduction and not to a direct effect upon the enzyme. The reduction of the plasma concentration of some amino acids observed under broad spectrum irradiation but not under pure blue light may not be of significance, but is of concern. These data indicate that all fluorescent light sources in current use for phototherapy produce biologic effects of importance beside the primary purpose of the treatment to reduce hyperbilirubinemia. It is apparent from the results of these studies that phototherapy light penetrates more deeply than the superficial skin to exert photochmical effects.
- 2732639
- Riboflavin
- Effective in Maintaining Remission
- Clinical Trial
- Summary
- The function of riboflavin status during phototherapy need to be assess.
- Effect of phototherapy on nutrients utilization in newborn infants with jaundice. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = C, 1989 Jan [Go to PubMed]
- The effect of phototherapy on digestion and absorption of nutrients was performed in 25 male, newborn infants with hyperbilirubinemia. The infants were divided into 2 groups; one group was fed with lactose formula whereas the other group received the non-lactose formula. The quantities of daily volume, fat and energy intakes of both groups were similar. Protein intake was significantly higher in the latter group. During 72-hours of phototherapy, there were decreases in serum bilirubin in all infants and mean weight change was decreased in infants fed with non-lactose formula. Treatment by phototherapy in jaundiced infants did not affect protein, fat and energy absorption. The presence of loose stool, lower stool pH and trace in reducing substances in some subjects fed with lactose formula suggests mild lactose intolerance. Prospective study in clinical trial needs to be further assessed and clarified on other nutrients such as amino acids and riboflavin status in these infants during phototherapy.
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1 record(s) for Riboflavin NA in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- Summary
- Riboflavin is the detection index of the antinucleoside peroxidase staining procedure,the purpose of it is to detect the effect of phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia through the change of physiological DNA of human cell.
- Peroxidase technique for the detection of photochemical lesions in intracellular deoxyribonucleic acid. Pediatric research, 1977 Aug [Go to PubMed]
- The widespread use of phototherapy for the prevention and treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinmia has generated some conxern as physiologic substances other than bilirubin may be photoactivated. Little information is available on the long term toxicity of these photodecomposition products. Recent observations of the in vitro DNA-modifying activity of phototherapy lights has encouraged us to develop laboratory procedures which can identify and quantitate these light-induced alterations. The purpose of the present study was to develop a technique capable of detecting photochemical changes in the genetic material of human cells in tissue culture. The results demonstrate that the antinucleoside peroxidase staining procedure is capable of detecting changes in the DNA of human cells exposed to physiologic (riboflavin) and nonphysiologic (methylene blue) photosensitizing agents in the presence of light with a fluence rate (450 nm) of 141 muW-cm2.