- General Drug Summary
- Description
- #39;-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase that degrades cyclic AMP thus potentiates the actions of agents that act through adenylate cyclase and cyclic AMP. [PubChem]
- Also Known As
- Dimethylxanthine; Pseudotheophylline; Theophyline; Theophyllin; Theophylline aminoacetate; Theophylline Anhydrous
- Categories
- Respiratory Smooth M
- Structure
- Summary In Neonatal Jaundice
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1 record(s) for Theophylline Effective in Basic Research in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 7388087
- Theophylline
- Effective in Basic Research
- In Vitro Study
- Summary
- Accelerates the rate of bilirubin photodestuction sensitized by riboflavin, but does not do so in absence of this dye.
- Effect of theophylline on the riboflavin-sensitized photodegradation of bilirubin in vitro. Biology of the neonate, 1980 [Go to PubMed]
- Under in vitro conditions, theophylline accelerates the rate of bilirubin photodestuction sensitized by riboflavin, but does not do so in absence of this dye. The effect depends on the concentrations of theophylline and/or riboflavin, on the bilirubin/albumin ratio, and seems to implicate bilirubin unbound to serum albumin. Possible causes of the theophylline action and clinical implication regarding thephototherapy of neonatal jaundice are discussed.
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1 record(s) for Theophylline Effective in Inducing Remission in Neonatal Jaundice.
- PMID
- Drug Name
- Efficacy
- Evidence
- 3556611
- Theophylline
- Effective in Inducing Remission
- Review
- Summary
- Used to prevent neonatal apnea.
- Photodegradation of riboflavin in neonates. Federation proceedings, 1987 Apr [Go to PubMed]
- The biologically most important flavins are riboflavin and its related nucleotides, all highly sensitive to light. It is because of its photoreactivity and its presence in almost all body fluids and tissues that riboflavin assumes importance in phototherapy of neonatal jaundice. The absorption maxima of both bilirubin and riboflavin in the body are nearly identical: 445-450 (447) nm. In consequence, blue visible light will cause photoisomerization of bilirubin accompanied by photodegradation of riboflavin. This results in diminished erythrocyte glutathione reductase, which indicates generalized tissue riboflavin deficiency and red cell lysis. Single- and double-strand breaks in intracellular DNA have occurred with phototherapy. This light exposure of neonates may result also in alterations of bilirubin-albumin binding in the presence of both riboflavin and theophylline (the latter frequently given to prevent neonatal apnea). Many newborns, especially if premature, have low stores of riboflavin at birth. The bsorptive capacity of premature infants for enteral riboflavin is likewise reduced. Consequently, inherently low stores and low intake of riboflavin plus phototherapy for neonatal jaundice will cause a deficiency of riboflavin at a critical period for the newborn. Supplementation to those infants most likely to develop riboflavin deficiency is useful, but dosage, time, and mode of administration to infants undergoing phototherapy must be carefully adjusted to avoid unwanted side effects.